Imeko yangoku kunye nolwalathiso lophuhliso lwentsimbi yokuthwala

Iibheringi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumatshini wemigodi, izixhobo ezichanekileyo zoomatshini, izixhobo zetsimbi, izixhobo ezinzima kunye neemoto ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezinye iindawo ezinkulu zezixhobo, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya, uloliwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu sikaloliwe kunye ne-aerospace kunye namanye amashishini asakhulayo. ubukhulu becala iibheringi eziphantsi kunye neebheringi ezincinci kunye neziphakathi, ezibonisa i-surplus ephantsi kunye nokungabikho okuphezulu.Xa kuthelekiswa namazwe angaphandle, kukho umsantsa omkhulu kwiibheringi eziphezulu kunye neebheringi ezinkulu.

I-China isantya esiphezulu semoto yomkhweli wemoto yomkhweli ehambelana nevili seseti zonke kufuneka zingeniswe kumazwe angaphandle. Kwimibhobho engundoqo esetyenziswa kwi-aerospace, umzila kaloliwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu, iimoto ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye namanye amasimi oshishino, kukho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kweebheringi zaseTshayina abaphambili ngokubhekiselele kubomi benkonzo, ukuthembeka, ixabiso le-Dn kunye nomthamo wokuthwala.Ngokomzekelo, ubomi benkonzo yeebheringi zokuhanjiswa kweemoto zangaphandle zincinci iikhilomitha ezingama-500,000, ngelixa ubomi benkonzo yeebheringi zasekhaya ezifanayo malunga neekhilomitha ezili-100,000, kunye nokuthembeka kunye uzinzo zihlwempuzekile.

1. Inqwelomoya

Njengenxalenye engundoqo ye-aero-injini, isizukulwana sesibini se-aero-injini ethwele umlinganiselo we-15-20 iyaphuhliswa kumazwe angaphandle, elungele ukudityaniswa kumlo wesizukulwana sesihlanu malunga no-2020. Kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo, I-United States iphuhlise isizukulwana sesibini sentsimbi ye-injini ye-aero-injini, eneentlobo zentsimbi ezimele i-CSS-42L, intsimbi ephezulu yokumelana ne-corrosion kunye ne-500 ℃ ukumelana, kunye ne-X30 (Cronidur30), i-nitrogen ephezulu ekwazi ukumelana nentsimbi. 350℃ ukuxhathisa.I-China iphuhlisa isizukulwana sesibini se-aero-injini.

2. Iimoto

Kwiibheringi zehabhu yemoto, iibheringi zehabhu yokuqala neyesibini (iibhodi zebhola) zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi eChina, ngelixa iibheringi ze-hub zesizukulwana sesithathu ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi eYurophu.Iinzuzo eziphambili zeebheringi zesizukulwana sesithathu zinokuthembeka, isithuba esifutshane somthwalo wokuhlawula umvuzo. , ukufakwa lula, akukho luhlengahlengiso, isakhiwo compact kunye nokunye.Okwangoku, iimodeli ezininzi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle e-China zisebenzisa i-lightweight kunye ne-integrated structure hub bearings.

3. Isitokhwe sikaloliwe

Okwangoku, iibheringi ezisetyenziswa kuloliwe waseTshayina oololiwe obunzima bokuthutha zenziwe nge-electroslag yasekhaya enyibilikisayo i-G20CrNi2MoA intsimbi ye-carburized. Kwaye yangaphandle ine-ultra high purity ye-bearing steel (EP) yokunyibilikisa intsimbi kunye ne-vacuum degassing inclusion homogenization technology (IQ) steel, ubomi obude. iteknoloji yentsimbi (TF) intsimbi, umgangatho ocolekileyo, kunye neteknoloji yonyango lobushushu, ubuchule bonyango lokuqina komphezulu kunye nobuchwepheshe bokutywina obuphambili bokutywina obusetyenziswa kwimveliso yemveliso kunye nokuveliswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yokuthwala kunye nokuthembeka.Umgangatho wokuthwala i-electroslag yaseTshayina intsimbi ayikho kuphela ephantsi, kodwa kwakhona ixabiso liyi-2000-3000 yuan / toni ephezulu kuneyentsimbi ye-vacuum degassing.Kwixesha elizayo, i-China idinga ukuphuhlisa i-vacuum degassing ethwele intsimbi kunye ne-ultra-high purity, umgangatho omhle, i-homogenization kunye nomgangatho ozinzileyo wokutshintsha ukusetyenziswa kwangoku kwentsimbi ye-electroslag.

Uphando lwexesha elizayo kunye nolwalathiso lophuhliso lwentsimbi yokuthwala eChina

Ibonakaliswa ikakhulu kwimiba emine:

1. Ukucoceka kwezoqoqosho

Ngaphantsi kwesiseko sokuqwalasela uqoqosho, ukucoceka kwensimbi kuphuculwe ngakumbi, umxholo we-oksijini kunye ne-titanium kwintsimbi iyancitshiswa, kwaye isahlulo esikhulu se-oksijini kunye ne-titanium ekuthwaleni insimbi ingaphantsi kwe-6 × 10-6 kunye ne-15 × 10- 6, ngokulandelelanayo.Umxholo kunye nobukhulu bezinto ezifakwe kwintsimbi ziyancipha, kwaye ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kuphuculwe.

2. Ukulungiswa kombutho kunye ne-homogenization

Ngokusetyenziswa koyilo lwe-alloying kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa elawulwayo kunye nokulawulwa kokupholisa, ukufana kwe-inclusions kunye ne-carbides kuphuculwe ngakumbi, i-carbides edibeneyo kunye ne-banded iyancitshiswa kwaye isuswe, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo kunye nobukhulu becala buncitshisiwe, kunye nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo be-carbides. ingaphantsi kwe-1μ m. Ubungakanani obuziinkozo bentsimbi yokuthwala bulungiswa ngakumbi ngokuphucula ubungakanani beenkozo zesakhiwo sematrix.

3. Nciphisa iziphene zezicubu ezisezantsi

Ukunciphisa ngakumbi i-porosity ephakathi, i-central shrinkage cavity kunye nokwahlulwa kwecandelo eliphakathi kwintsimbi yokuthwala, ukuphucula ukufana kwesakhiwo samandla aphantsi.

4. Ukuqina okuphezulu kwentsimbi yokuthwala

Ukuqina kwentsimbi yokuthwala kwaphuculwa ngokuxutywa okutsha, ukulungiswa kwenkqubo eshushu yokuqengqeleka kunye nophando lwenkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu.(China Steel Research & Development Strategy Institute)

I-Disclaimer: izixhobo zegraphic ezivela kuthungelwano, ukunikezelwa kwelungelo lokushicilela kumbhali wokuqala, njengokwaphulwa, nceda uqhagamshelane nokucima.